Model of an electron gas

In this experiment, electrons are visualised using floats to which magnets are attached in a pool of water. Due to the spatial expansion of the floating bodies, no float, i.e. no electron, can be in the same place at the same time, i.e. the Pauli principle can be demonstrated.
A strong magnet under the water basin can be used to simulate a Coulomb force on the electrons. Depending on the direction of the magnetic field/Coulomb force, the electrons are trapped in a potential well or forced apart by a potential hill.
If the electrons are trapped in a potential well, properties of a Wigner crystal can be observed: The electrons arrange themselves as far away from each other as possible and regular structures are formed if the number of electrons is large enough.